RSNA 2006

Nov 27, 2006

The Molecular Imaging Zone debuted this year in the Lakeside Learning Center of RSNA 2006.

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Shown is a 69-year-old man with a cholangiocarcinoma in the distal common bile duct. F-18 FDG-PET/CT was negative where Ga-68 FAPI-46 PET/CT showed high focal FAPI uptake in the liver hilum and surrounding lymph nodes. a-d: F-18 FDG-PET/CT, e-h: Ga-68 FAPI-46 PET/CT. a, b, e, f: Maximum intensity projections, c, g: axial fusion images, d, h: non-contrast enhanced CT.
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FAPI-PET/CT shows promise in hepatopancreatobiliary cancers
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FAPI-PET/CT could potentially improve noninvasive cancer staging, and, ultimately, clinical decision making.
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Shown is a 69-year-old man with a cholangiocarcinoma in the distal common bile duct. F-18 FDG-PET/CT was negative where Ga-68 FAPI-46 PET/CT showed high focal FAPI uptake in the liver hilum and surrounding lymph nodes. a-d: F-18 FDG-PET/CT, e-h: Ga-68 FAPI-46 PET/CT. a, b, e, f: Maximum intensity projections, c, g: axial fusion images, d, h: non-contrast enhanced CT.
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A longitudinal DBT model outperformed other models based on mammography and clinical factors in predicting five-year cancer risk.
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Successful human-LLM collaboration is associated with model confidence and reader expertise in chest imaging.
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Example cases illustrate the double-edged role of large language model (LLM) rationale quality. (A) A 50-year-old female patient with a palpable anterior chest wall mass (correct diagnosis: solitary fibrous tumor of the pleura). The LLM incorrectly suggested synovial sarcoma but provided a persuasive rationale (quality score: 4 of 5), describing a well-defined nodule at axial contrast-enhanced CT spanning the pleura and intercostal space with heterogeneous strong enhancement. Four of five readers (80%) accepted the incorrect suggestion. FDG = fluorodeoxyglucose. (B) A 61-year-old male patient with diabetes presented with cough, sputum, and dyspnea (correct diagnosis: mucormycosis). The LLM correctly suggested mucormycosis with an excellent rationale (quality score: 5 of 5), integrating the reverse halo sign on serial axial CT images and rapidly progressive cavitary lesions. Three of five readers initially selected incorrect diagnoses; after LLM output, all five selected the correct diagnosis (100% acceptance). Blue and orange reader icons denote high- and low-expertise readers, respectively.
PET/CT predicts response to neoadjuvant therapy in breast cancer
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Monitoring neoadjuvant therapy response in HER2-positive breast cancer is challenging with existing tools.
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Ga-68 HER2-PET/CT images before neoadjuvant therapy, at end of second cycle, and before surgery. (A) Baseline scan demonstrated soft-tissue lesion measuring approximately 2.3 × 2.2 cm in upper outer quadrant of left breast, with marked radiotracer uptake and SUVmax of 10.1. (B) At end of second cycle, imaging revealed residual lesion of approximately 2.2 × 1.0 cm in same region, without abnormal radiotracer accumulation. (C) Preoperative imaging demonstrated further reduction in lesion size to approximately 2.0 × 0.6 cm, with no abnormal tracer uptake detected.
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