Clinical News: Page 112

Deep learning helps predict CTO recanalization outcomes

By Kate Madden Yee

Using a deep-learning algorithm with coronary CT angiography effectively predicts the success of percutaneous recanalization of CTO lesions.

November 15, 2023

Heart Artificial Intelligence Ai Social

CEM comparable to MRI in asymptomatic women

By Amerigo Allegretto

Contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) is on par with MRI in breast cancer screening for asymptomatic women, according to recent research.

November 15, 2023

A 47-year-old female participant with a suspicious mass noted at screening tomosynthesis and subsequent diagnostic ultrasound was recruited for contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) and MRI. (A) No abnormality was noted on the conventional 2D mammogram showing dense breast tissue. A mass (arrows) was clearly observed on (B) the recombined CEM image and (C) the MRI scan. Both images show marked background parenchymal enhancement. Biopsy confirmed a 1.1-cm grade 2 invasive ductal carcinoma (estrogen receptor- and progesterone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative). Image courtesy of Radiology.

Rural Medicare beneficiaries less likely to use mammography screening

By Amerigo Allegretto

Medicare beneficiaries who live in rural areas utilize mammography screening less than their urban counterparts.

November 14, 2023

Mammogram Patient 400

CT imaging increases children's blood cancer risk

By Kate Madden Yee

Children who undergo CT imaging are at increased risk of blood cancer, according to a team of investigators.

November 13, 2023

Ct Scanner Bore 400

Do women prefer having female radiologists perform breast ultrasound?

By Amerigo Allegretto

Most women undergoing breast ultrasound are unconcerned about whether a radiologist is male or female.

November 13, 2023

Breast Specialist Ultrasound Exam 400 (2)

Housing assistance improves breast cancer screening uptake

By Amerigo Allegretto

Breast cancer screening is higher for some low-income women receiving government housing assistance than women who don’t.

November 9, 2023

Breast Mammo 400 (1)

NIH highlights PET study in Parkinson’s disease

The NIH has highlighted a study that shows cardiac PET scans can help identify people at risk for Parkinson’s disease.

November 9, 2023

Heart and brain PET scans from a study participant who developed Parkinson’s disease support a “body first” progression. The top pair of PET scan images show low F-18 dopamine-derived radioactivity in the heart (right, with N-13 ammonia PET scan on left). Later, brain scans showed a loss of dopamine-producing neurons and the individual developed symptoms of the disease. Image courtesy of the National Institutes of Health.

MRI most cost-effective way to evaluate ED patients with dizziness

By Kate Madden Yee

MRI is the most cost-effective imaging modality for evaluating patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with dizziness, research suggests.

November 9, 2023

AI modeling detects, classifies breast microcalcifications

By Amerigo Allegretto

A novel AI tool can accurately detect and characterize macrocalcifications on mammography, according to an Italian study.

November 9, 2023

Breast Cancer2 400

Features found on MRI may predict liver cancer recurrence after surgery

By Kate Madden Yee

An algorithm based on MRI features could help clinicians predict liver cancer recurrence after patients have undergone liver resection, researchers have found.

November 8, 2023

Preoperative axial extracellular contrast agent-enhanced (A-E) MRI and (F-H) follow-up CT images in a 71-year-old male patient with chronic hepatitis B and a serum neutrophil count of 4.2 × 109/L. A 5.6-cm mass with a 1.9-cm satellite nodule was detected in segments V and VIII. (A) The mass (asterisks, A-E) shows mild-to-moderate hyperintensity on T2-weighted images, (B) hypointensity on T1-weighted noncontrast-enhanced images, (C) less than 50% hyperenhancement on late arterial phase images, (D) nonperipheral washout and incomplete enhancing capsule on portal venous phase images, and (E) marked diffusion restriction on diffusion-weighted images (b = 800 sec/mm2). The mass was confirmed at histopathologic analysis as moderately differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma with microvascular invasion. With an advanced-stage recurrence after resection score of 19.8 points (4.2 + 5.6 + 10), this patient was assigned to the high-risk group (≥15 points) for advanced-stage recurrence. At follow-up, (F) noncontrast-enhanced, (G) arterial phase, and (H) portal venous phase CT images acquired at day 70 after surgery show multifocal intrahepatic recurrence and tumor thrombus in the left portal vein (black arrow, H). Images and caption courtesy of the RSNA.

Playkits develop role in easing kids' anxiety over MRI scans

By Edna Astbury-Ward, PhD

Giving young children a playkit that uses both virtual and augmented reality appears to reduce anxiety about this procedure, U.K. researchers report.

November 8, 2023

A smartphone is a key component of the playkit devised by the Sheffield team. Photo courtesy of DYR in collaboration with Dubit UK.

PET predicts chemotherapy responses in breast cancer patients

PET/CT with gallium-68 FAPI radiotracer can predict responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients.

November 8, 2023

Representative Ga-68 FAPI-PET/CT images of 48-year-old woman who had left invasive ductal carcinoma and who achieved pathologic complete response (pCR). (A) Baseline maximum-intensity projection (MIP) image demonstrated primary lesion (red arrowhead; SUVmax, 26.72) and Ga-68 FAPI-avid lymph node in left axilla (red arrows). (B) MIP image after two cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) showed that primary lesion (red arrowhead; SUVmax, 8.87) and axillary lymph nodes (red arrow) were reduced in size and radioactivity uptake. (C and D) Representative images of lab tissue staining for FAP before NAC showed strong FAP-positive staining in stromal cells (C), which was significantly decreased on tumor bed after six cycles of NAC (D). Image courtesy of the Journal of Nuclear Medicine.

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