Digital X-Ray: Page 11

AI model shows promise for interpreting follow-up chest x-rays

A group in Seoul, South Korea, has developed an AI model that could help reduce radiology workflows by identifying “no changes” in follow-up chest x‑rays.

October 24, 2023

Example of triage of no change in a pair of chest radiographs in the emergency department. (A) Baseline posteroanterior chest radiograph in a 63-year-old female patient shows a small amount of left (L) pleural effusion and partial atelectasis of the right middle lobe. (B) Follow-up posteroanterior chest radiograph obtained in the same patient 1 day later shows no significant change. (C) Gradient-weighted class activation map shows the algorithm determined no change in the image pair, without relevant highlighting, as the highlighted area is located over the gastroesophageal junction. Image courtesy of Radiology.

AI model predicts fracture risk using bone scans

A group in Australia has developed an AI model that shows promise predicting fracture risk in patients based on dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry exams.

October 23, 2023

Visualization of EigenGradCAM (A) and GradCAM results (B) illustrating association between fracture group classification and DXA image features for moderate fracture risk subjects. Given are the three highest confidence images with labels predicted for correct classifications, which ranged from 85% to 92% confidence. Image courtesy of JBMR Plus.

Ultralow-dose chest CT bests x-ray in the emergency department

By Kate Madden Yee

In nontraumatic emergency department patients, ultralow-dose chest CT offers more than twice the detection rate for main diagnoses compared with chest x-ray.

October 19, 2023

Ct Scanner Bore

COVID-19 AI model boosts disease detection by radiologists

An AI algorithm designed to diagnose COVID-19 has been validated in a study by radiologists who interpreted x-rays with and without the model.

October 18, 2023

Results of Grad-CAM and Grad-CAM++ for the deep-learning model: (A) normal, (B) pneumonia, and (C) COVID-19. Left column, original chest x-ray image; middle column, result of Grad-CAM; right column, results of Grad-CAM++ .

DEXA study sheds light on ‘obesity paradox’

Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans have shown that even patients with normal BMI scores may experience significant drops in bone health.

October 17, 2023

Secondhand smoke raises osteoporosis risk in women

Passive and active smoking may be equivalent risk factors for osteoporosis in women, according to a study in Italy.

October 13, 2023

'Timika score' on x-rays may help identify complex TB cases

Machine learning has revealed new potential for a simple clinical tool proposed in 2010 for diagnosing tuberculosis (TB) on x-rays.

October 4, 2023

Can transformer models improve AI image interpretations?

A new class of AI appears to move the technology closer to what radiologists are capable of when they interpret chest x-rays.

October 3, 2023

Representative radiographs (top), acquired in anteroposterior projection in the supine position, and corresponding attention maps (bottom). (A) Images show main diagnostic findings of the internal data set in a 49-year-old male patient with congestion, pneumonic infiltrates, and effusion (left); a 64-year-old male patient with congestion, pneumonic infiltrates, and effusion (middle); and a 69-year-old female patient with effusion (right). Image courtesy of Radiology.

Louis Plesner talks AI x-ray exam reads vs. radiologists'

In an interview with AuntMinnie.com, Louis Plesner, MD, discussed a study he led that found radiologists outperformed four commercially available algorithms for identifying diseases on chest x-rays.

September 28, 2023

2023 09 28 Plesner Interview V2

Chest x-ray model analysis reveals race and sex bias

An AI chest x-ray "foundation model" developed by Google researchers has demonstrated racial and sex-related bias leading to uneven performance.

September 27, 2023

Radiologists outperform chest x-ray AI

Radiologists outperformed four commercially available AI algorithms when diagnosing lung diseases on chest x-rays.

September 26, 2023

A representative posteroanterior chest x-ray (A) in a 71-year-old male patient who underwent examination due to progression of dyspnea shows bilateral fibrosis (arrows), which was misclassified as airspace disease by all four AI tools. Image courtesy of Radiology.

Technicians have 'flexibility' during lumbar spine bone scans

Different hip flexion angles have little influence on lumbar spine bone mineral density measurements using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry.

September 25, 2023

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