Genitourinary Radiology: Page 4

Ultrasound model predicts liver disease progress

By Amerigo Allegretto

A predictive model combining multiple ultrasonic parameters can discriminate between different liver diseases.

March 20, 2024

Multiparametric ultrasound in a 52-year-old female patient with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and hepatitis B, whose body mass index was 26.9. (A) Gray-scale image (left) shows the liver parenchyma, and attenuation image (right) shows the right liver lobe acquired from the right intercostal oblique plane, with the degree of attenuation color-coded in the sampling box. Orange indicates a high attenuation coefficient and blue indicates a low attenuation coefficient. The coefficient value (0.59 dB/cm/MHz) and reliability index (R2 = 0.95) are presented in the lower left corner. (B) 2D shear-wave elastography-generated quad-view mode image shows an elasticity map, propagation map, gray-scale image, and dispersion map at the same time. A 1-cm region of interest is placed within the sampling box of each image. Red and blue indicate high and low elasticity and dispersion slope, respectively. Liver stiffness on the elasticity map is 5.6 kPa, and the dispersion slope on the dispersion map is 13.23 (m/sec)/kHz. Image courtesy of the RSNA.

MRgFUS shows promise in treating prostate cancer

By Amerigo Allegretto

MRI-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) therapy can successfully treat prostate cancer for those at intermediate risk.

March 7, 2024

Images depict biopsy-confirmed prostate cancer in a 56-year-old man. (A) Pretreatment axial T2-weighted fast spin-echo MRI scan and (B) apparent diffusion coefficient map acquired with a 3T scanner show the tumor in the left transition zone (arrows). (C) Intraoperative 1.5-T MRI scan shows the contoured rectal wall (red line), prostate margin (blue outline), and region of interest (orange outline). (D) Intraoperative MRI scan shows a focused ultrasound beam path (blue) overlaid on the treatment plan. The rectangular boxes show each sonication spot. (E) Thermal map obtained during treatment shows heat deposition color-coded in red and overlaid on the sonication spot. (F) Axial gadobutrol-enhanced MRI scan obtained immediately after treatment shows the devascularized ablated volume (arrows). (G) Corresponding T2-weighted fast spin-echo 3T MRI scan obtained at 24 months after ablation shows fibrosis and volume loss in the left transition zone (arrows). Findings from a biopsy showed scar tissue, negative for malignancy at the treatment site.

PI-RADS optimizes MRI-based diagnostics for prostate cancer detection

By Kate Madden Yee

It's better to take Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) upgrading rules into account when it comes to deciding whether a patient with clinically significant prostate cancer needs a biopsy, researchers have reported.

February 15, 2024

Prostate Cancer

CT radiomics predict lymph node metastasis in bladder cancer patients

By Kate Madden Yee

A deep-learning model that combines CT radiomics and clinical information shows promise for predicting lymph node metastasis in bladder cancer patients, researchers have reported.

January 29, 2024

PET/CT predicts adverse cardiac events in men with prostate cancer

PET/CT scans used to visualize findings in men with recurrent prostate cancer may also help assess their risk for cardiovascular disease.

January 25, 2024

Pluvicto prostate cancer treatment protocols vary globally

An international survey of treatment centers has revealed significant differences in several aspects of Lu-177 PSMA-617 prostate cancer therapy.

January 23, 2024

MRI radiomics help predict cervical cancer treatment outcomes

By Kate Madden Yee

"Handcrafted" radiomics and deep-learning radiomics based on pretreatment MRI data could help predict locally advanced cervical cancer concurrent chemoradiotherapy treatment outcomes.

January 17, 2024

Health disparities persist despite decline in cancer mortality rates

By Amerigo Allegretto

While cancer mortality rates declined in the U.S. between 2000 and 2020, racial and ethnic disparities persisted for many cancers.

January 15, 2024

Patient African American Woman 400

MRI helps clinicians assess neural involvement in endometriosis

By Kate Madden Yee

MRI could help clinicians assess neural involvement in endometriosis and help prevent irreversible nerve damage and chronic sensorimotor neuropathy.

January 4, 2024

Spectrum of imaging features of nerves involved in endometriosis in three women. (A) Coronal T1W contrast-enhanced MR image in a 44-year-old woman shows a thickened left sciatic nerve with increased enhancement (solid arrows) and a fibrotic mass (*). The right-side sciatic nerve is normal in appearance (dashed arrows). (B-D) Axial T1W image (without contrast enhancement) with fat saturation (B) in a 43-year-old woman shows a cystic endometriotic lesion with signal hyperintensity (arrow in B). The adjacent left iliacus muscle is asymmetrically thickened due to involvement by endometriosis (* in B). Axial T2-weighted MR image (C) at the same level as B shows T2 shading in the cystic lesion (arrow in C) and a fibrotic mass replacing the iliacus muscle (* in C). Sagittal T2-weighted MR image (D) shows the sacral nerve roots (dashed arrows in D) encased by a fibrotic endometriotic mass (* in D). (E) Axial T2-weighted MR image in a 37-year-old woman shows atrophy of the left iliopsoas (solid oval) and sartorius muscles (dashed oval), both innervated by the femoral nerve. Images and caption courtesy of the RSNA.

MRI comparable to Ga-68 PSMA PET/CT for prostate cancer diagnosis

By Kate Madden Yee

MRI performs comparably to gallium-68 (Ga-68) PSMA PET/CT for prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment tracking, according to research delivered at the recent RSNA meeting.

December 20, 2023

Prostate 3 D 400

AI predicts responses in patients with prostate cancer

An AI model based on F-18 DCFPyL PSMA-PET/CT images shows promise for predicting treatment response in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

December 12, 2023

Prostate Cancer

PET tracer shows promise in prostate cancer patients

Gallium-68 RM2-PET/MRI is better than MRI alone for detecting relapse in prostate cancer patients, according to research presented at RSNA 2023.

November 26, 2023

An image showing potentially different sites of PET radiotracer uptake by prostate cancer tumors between U.S. approved Ga-68 PSMA-PET and experimental Ga-68 RM2. Image courtesy of Heying Duan, MD, Stanford University.

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