Dr. Roy Filly

Ultrasound
Ultrasound exams present interpretation challenges
Ultrasound requires a unique skill set, according to Dr. Roy Filly, who in this article describes some of the modality's challenges and how they can affect image interpretation. Fortunately, new technologies make it possible to utilize one of the unique aspects of ultrasound: its ability to capture dynamic images.
March 19, 2015
2015 03 19 17 11 23 383 Filly Roy 200
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(A) Averaged parametric images of F-18 SynVesT-1 BPND values and (B) F-18 FDG SUVR (60–90 minutes) values overlaid on anatomical (T1) images in MNI space show group differences between behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (top) and healthy controls (middle). The color scale represents (A) BPND and (B) SUVR values. On the bottom, average z-score maps were generated to visualize regional reductions in F-18 SynVesT-1 BPND and F-18 FDG SUVR in bvFTD relative to healthy controls. For each voxel, z-scores were calculated as z = (bvFTD−meanHC )/SDHC. Negative z-scores indicate lower synaptic density or glucose metabolism in the bvFTD compared with controls in the regions. BPND, non-displaceable binding potential; bvFTD, behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia; F-18 FDG, F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose; MNI, Montreal Neurological Institute; SUVR, standardized uptake value ratio.
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(A) Averaged parametric images of F-18 SynVesT-1 BPND values and (B) F-18 FDG SUVR (60–90 minutes) values overlaid on anatomical (T1) images in MNI space show group differences between behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (top) and healthy controls (middle). The color scale represents (A) BPND and (B) SUVR values. On the bottom, average z-score maps were generated to visualize regional reductions in F-18 SynVesT-1 BPND and F-18 FDG SUVR in bvFTD relative to healthy controls. For each voxel, z-scores were calculated as z = (bvFTD−meanHC )/SDHC. Negative z-scores indicate lower synaptic density or glucose metabolism in the bvFTD compared with controls in the regions. BPND, non-displaceable binding potential; bvFTD, behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia; F-18 FDG, F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose; MNI, Montreal Neurological Institute; SUVR, standardized uptake value ratio.
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Representative example of a 16-year-old male patient with underlying X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy. (A, B) Paired anteroposterior (AP) chest radiograph and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) report shows lumbar spine (L1 through L4) areal bone mineral density (BMD). The DXA report was reformatted for anonymization and improved readability. The patient had low BMD (Z score ≤ −2.0). (C) Model (chest radiography [CXR]–BMD) output shows the predicted raw BMD and Z score in comparison with the DXA reference standard, together with interpretability analyses using Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) and gradient-weighted class activation maps. The patient was classified as having low BMD, consistent with the reference standard. AM = age-matched, DEXA = dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, RM2 = room 2, SNUH = Seoul National University Hospital, YA = young adult.
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