Clinical News: Page 106

Bone scans support high-velocity resistance training in older adults
By Will Morton
Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scans show that high-velocity resistance training increases bone mineral density in older adults.
December 15, 2023
Bmd
New AI training strategies stiffen defense against adversarial attacks
By Liz Carey
Computer scientists are exploring how to protect against medical errors caused by adversarial attacks on AI machine learning diagnostic models.
December 15, 2023
An illustration of two types of adversarial attacks on breast imaging diagnosis. Adversarial noise applied in white-box attacks and adversarial samples produced by generative adversarial networks in black-box attacks can fool a deep learning diagnostic model to give wrong output, according to University of Pittsburgh researchers. The researchers have proposed two security schemes, called ARFL and LIDA, to make the models robust and resilient to adversarial attacks. (Image courtesy of Shandong Wu, PhD, Pittsburgh Center for AI Innovation in Medical Imaging)
Ultrasound use shifts among radiologists, nonphysician practitioners
By Amerigo Allegretto
Ultrasound use has shifted over the past decade, including whether radiologists, surgeons, or nonphysicians practitioners perform such exams.
December 15, 2023
Ultrasound Screen 400 (1)
PET/CT shows impact of different COVID-19 vaccines
By Will Morton
The type of COVID-19 vaccine and the time interval between vaccination and PET/CT scans are key factors in minimizing false interpretations in cancer patients.
December 13, 2023
A 73-year-old woman with a suspicious lung nodule was referred to our division for F-18 FDG PET/CT exam. She was vaccinated four days before PET/CT. The lung nodule did not show any pathological FDG uptake; however, high tracer activity was detected on her right arm, where she was injected, and multiple hypermetabolic lymph nodes in the right axilla (arrows). Moreover, PET/CT showed high tracer activity in the liver (black arrows), spleen (triangular arrows), and bone marrow (small triangular arrows) as the result of systemic immune response after vaccination. The tracer defect in the liver was due to the known cyst. (A) fusion scan, (B) PET, (C) maximum intensity projection. Image courtesy of Scientific Reports.
Safety net hospital provides equitable care in breast screening
By Amerigo Allegretto
Safety net hospitals provide equitable care in breast cancer screening in terms of race and ethnicity.
December 14, 2023
Breast Mammography Tech
PET/MRI reveals separate Alzheimer’s biomarkers in single scan
By Will Morton
A PET radiotracer for diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease may also be used to measure vascular brain changes in patients during PET/MRI scans.
December 12, 2023
A visual abstract of a study exploring early-frame F-18 florbetaben PET/MRI for quantifying cerebral blood flow in patients with cognitive impairment. Image courtesy of the Journal of Nuclear Medicine.
Benign breast disease found on percutaneous biopsy ups cancer risk
By Amerigo Allegretto
Benign breast disease diagnosed through percutaneous biopsy increases the overall risk of developing breast cancer.
December 13, 2023
Breast Cancer Cell2 400
AI improves x-ray reads for rads with varying experience
By Will Morton
AI assistance can improve the detection accuracy of thoracic abnormalities on chest x-rays across radiologists with varying levels of expertise.
December 13, 2023
AI detected a lung mass, a lung nodule, and a small pneumothorax. Without AI assistance, only one thoracic radiologist and one general radiologist detected all abnormalities, whereas with AI assistance, one thoracic radiologist, two general radiologists, and one resident detected all abnormalities. Corresponding coronal and axial CT images show the lung mass (arrows), the lung nodule (white arrowheads), and the small pneumothorax (black arrowheads) that should have been detected on the chest radiograph. Image courtesy of Radiology.
AI predicts responses in patients with prostate cancer
By Will Morton
An AI model based on F-18 DCFPyL PSMA-PET/CT images shows promise for predicting treatment response in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
December 12, 2023
Prostate Cancer
Don't get burned: Expert tips and tricks on MRI safety
By Philip Ward
How can MRI staff reduce the impact of radiofrequency-induced heating? Are tattoos and implantable medical devices safe? What are the special risks in 7-tesla MRI? A prize-winning RSNA 2023 exhibit addressed these and other questions.
December 11, 2023
The quench button should still work in cases of power loss and redundancy and automatically self-checks for functionality.
Mammography AI model performs well in screening populations
By Amerigo Allegretto
A mammography-based AI model showed good and generalizable performance across European screening populations, according to study results presented December 7 at the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium in Texas.
December 8, 2023
Breast Mammo Computer 400
RSI predicts early response to chemotherapy in breast cancer
By Amerigo Allegretto
Restriction spectrum imaging (RSI) is a suitable method for evaluating neoadjuvant therapy response early for breast cancer.
December 8, 2023
Breast Cancer2
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