The research found that spaceflight neuro-ocular syndrome and certain neurological diseases are linked to enlarged perivascular space drainage or the brain waste clearance system called "glymphatics." These are often seen in astronauts with long exposure to microgravity in the International Space Station.

The study combined brain MRI findings by astronauts from NASA, the European Space Agency, and the Russian Space Agency. RANZCR said this study also discusses measures that would support astronauts' brain health.